Terminology T

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TESTES - The two egg–shaped glands that produce sperm and male hormones.

TESTOSTERONE - The primary male sex hormone (androgen) produced mostly by the testes. It stimulates the growth and activity of the male sex organs, and also plays a role in the development of healthy bones. It also appears to be necessary for the growth of prostate cancer tumor cells.

THREE-DIMENSIONAL CONFORMAL RADIATION - Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy. A means of delivering external beam radiation therapy resulting in high doses being delivered to the target with less exposure to surrounding tissue.

TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATORY COMPLEX - Multiprotein complex of regulators and coregulators that assembles at response elements and regulates transcription; the composition and structure of regulatory complexes is determined by cell-, gene- and physiologic-context.

TRANSITION ZONE (TZ) - The inner area of prostate where few prostate cancers originate; however, it is the area where benign prostatic hyperplasia or enlargement occurs.

TRANSITIONAL CELL CARCINOMA - Other cancers of the urinary tract.

TRANSPERITONEAL - Through the abdominal cavity.

TRANSRECTAL ULTRASOUND (TRUS) - An imaging technique that uses sound waves and their echoes from an instrument inserted into the rectum to form a picture of the prostate and help locate sites of abnormal tissue.

TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION OF THE PROSTATE (TURP) - The use of an instrument inserted through the penis to remove tissue from the prostate, usually to treat the symptoms of BPH.

TUMOR - An abnormal and excessive growth of cells. This can be benign or malignant.