Terminology L

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LAPAROSCOPE - Small telescope.

LAPAROSCOPY - A surgical technique in which small incisions are made in the body in order to introduce specially designed telescopes and instruments

LIGAND BINDING DOMAIN (LBD) - The carboxy-terminal region of intracellular receptors such as androgen receptor, which binds specifically to small molecule ligands; binding to agonists triggers a conformational change that leads to LBD-coregulator interactions.

LOCALIZED THERAPY - A method of treating cancer only in the area where the cancer is.

LOCALIZED PROSTATE CANCER - Cancer that is confined to the prostate gland.

LOCALLY ADVANCED PROSTATE CANCER - Cancer that has spread locally outside of the prostate but not to other organs.

LOSS OF HETEROZYGOSITY (LOH) - The loss of one gene allele in tumor compared to normal DNA. Genes normally have two copies (alleles).

LUTEINIZING HORMONE RELEASING HORMONE (LHRH) AGONIST - A class of drugs that are used as part of hormone therapy that shuts down the production of testosterone by the testes.

LYMPH NODE OR GLANDS - Small, bean-shaped collections of tissue located along the channels of the lymphatic system that may trap infectious organisms or cancer cells.

LYMPHATIC SYSTEM - The tissues and organs, including the bone marrow, spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes, which produce and store cells that fight infection and disease.